George (Georg) Wilson Jurgen Wilson Major on the Field & Staff 15th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry The Scandinavian Regiment

Photo shows him wearing the rank of Major on his shoulders
Image RG859-CWP-161.73, Wm. Schultz College, U.S. Army Military History Institute
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Born December 18, 1836, City of Hamburg, Germany, of English parents
Lived in Kristiana (Oslo), Kingdom of Norway, 1849-1858
Immigrated to America, 1858
Married Miss Mary Madson, 1863

George Wilson emigrated to Norway at age 13, where he learned to read, write, and speak Norwegian.  At age 15 he went to sea, but soon gave it up due to family objections and went to work as an assistant grocer.  At age 21 he came to America with his friends Henry Hauff and Samuel Thodberg.  After arriving in the City of Madison, Dane County, State of Wisconsin, in August, 1858, Jurgen Wilson worked as a clerk in a drug store.  In December, 1859, Wilson took a trip down the Mississippi River with Hauff and Thodberg to the City of New Orleans, and then traveled west to the State of Texas.  The 1860 census lists a Norwegian seaman named George Wilson as residing in the City of Galveston, Texas.  Wilson and Hauff left for the City of Chicago before the Civil War started, but Thodberg stayed in Texas.  After several months working in Chicago, Wilson and Hauff returned to Dane County, Wisconsin, where Wilson again found work in a drug store in Madison.

At the recommendation of Colonel Hans C. Heg, commander of the 15th, George Wilson was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant (Secondløitnant) of Company B by Wisconsin Governor Randall on November 12, 1861.  The men of Company B called themselves The Wergeland Guards in honor of Henrik Wergeland, the famous Norwegian Poet and Writer.  At the time George was 25 years old and not married.  He was recorded as having blue eyes, sandy colored hair, light complexion, and standing 5 feet 5 inches tall.  He was working as a Bookkeeper and residing in Madison, Wisconsin.  George was fluent in Norwegian, English, and German, but apparently had no prior military experience.  His friend Henry Hauff had already enlisted in the 15th as a private (Menig), but a few months later was commissioned by the Governor as the 2nd Lieutenant of Company E at the recommendation of Colonel Heg.  Their friend Samuel Thodberg ended up serving in the Confederate Army.

During his subsequent 3 years of military service George Wilson fought in 26 engagements, the first 2 of which were the siege of Island No. 10, Tennessee, and the raid on Union City, Tennessee, in March and April, 1862.  At the recommendation of Colonel Heg, the Governor commissioned 2nd Lieutenant Wilson as the new Captain (Kaptein) of Company H, with rank from May 14, 1862.  This was a double jump up in rank, which placed him over 1st Lieutenant Andrew A. Brown, the existing second-in-command of Company H.  Captain Wilson replaced Captain Knud J. Sime, who had resigned.  The men of Company H called themselves Heg's Rifles, but were also known as the Voss Company because it had so many members from that area of Norway.

That summer Captain Wilson led Company H on campaign through Tennessee and the States of Mississippi and Alabama with the 15th.  In August and September he would have led them through the grueling 400 mile retreat with General Buell up to the City of Louisville, State of Kentucky, with the last 2 weeks being on half rations and short of water.  He led them at the October 8, 1862, Battle of Perryville, Kentucky, which is also called the Battle of Chaplin Hills. While this was the first big battle the 15th was in, it emerged without any fatalities. 

On December 26, 1862, he would have led them during the 15th's desperate charge upon a Confederate artillery battery at Knob Gap, Tennessee, just south of the City of Nashville.  There the 15th captured a brass cannon. He would have also fought at the long, cold, wet, and bloody Battle of Stone River, Tennessee, also called the Battle of Murfreesboro, on December 30-31, 1862. It is there that the 15th was cited for bravery and first suffered serious battle casualties.  One of the casualties was Captain Wilson, who was wounded in action on December 30, 1862, but was back with his company within a day.  

The 15th camped in the Murfreesboro area for the next 6 months, except for 2 weeks in February when it was sent to the Town of Franklin, Tennessee. Again at the recommendation of Colonel Heg, the Governor commissioned Captain Wilson as the 15th's Major (Major) on March 24, 1863, with rank from March 11, 1863.  He replaced Major Charles M. Reese who had resigned in June, 1862.  

Starting June 23, 1863, the regiment took part in General Rosecrans' Tullahoma campaign. On July 3, 1863, it camped at Winchester, Tennessee.  On August 17, 1863, the 15th left there to participate in General Rosecran's Chickamauga campaign.  Major Wilson is believed to have been present at the daring early morning crossing of the Tennessee River on August 28th, which the 15th led.  He was present at the September 19-20, 1863, fighting at Chickamauga, Georgia -- the second bloodiest battle of the Civil War.  On the afternoon of the first day Major Wilson was wounded twice during the vicious fighting around Viniard's Farm, a minor wound in his left chest and the loss of his left thumb.  Nevertheless, he remained with the regiment.  On the second day Major Wilson was severely wounded in his left side around midday near Brotherton Field during what is now called Longstreet's Breakthrough.  Some 63% of the 15th's soldiers who were present at Chickamauga were killed, wounded, or missing (captured), including every one of its field officers. 

Major Wilson was initially treated in the regiment's Field Hospital at Crawfish Springs, Georgia, and then at Chattanooga, Tennessee, where Surgeon Stephen O. Himoe operated on him.  Starting in October, 1863, Major Wilson received a leave of absence to go home to recuperate from his wounds.  While at home he got married.  Major Wilson returned to the 15th at Chattanooga in late November, 1863, just after its part in the wildly successful capture of Missionary Ridge, which ended the Confederate siege of Chattanooga.

With Colonel Heg having been killed at Chickamauga, and Lieutenant Colonel Ole C. Johnson captured there, Major Wilson assumed command of what was left of the 15th Wisconsin from Captain John Gordan of Company I.  Starting right after Mission Ridge the 15th was engaged in almost non-stop marching and counter-marching all over Eastern Tennessee throughout the Winter of 1863/1864. By many original accounts, this was the worst period of the regiment's 3 year term of service. Poor rations, inadequate clothing and shelter, and unseasonably cold weather made these months nearly unbearable. 

Starting in May, 1864, the 15th participated in General William T. Sherman's famous campaign to capture the City of Atlanta, Georgia.  This campaign was marked by almost daily marching and/or combat for 4 months straight.  Major Wilson led the 15th in its successful charge up Rocky Face Ridge, Georgia, in early May, 1864, at the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, on May 14-15, 1864, and at the disastrous fighting at Pickett's Mill, Georgia, on May 27, 1864, which is often referred to as the Battle of New Hope Church or Dallas.  Here the 15th again suffered very serious casualties, with at least one company reduced to only 4 men after the fighting ended.  Major Wilson also led the regiment during the fighting at Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia, on June 23, 1864. 

In mid-July, 1864, Lieutenant Colonel Johnson returned to the 15th and resumed command after having made a daring escape from a Confederate prison train.  Major Wilson served as second-in-command of the 15th when it fought before Atlanta, Georgia, on July 22, 1864, at Jonesboro, Georgia, on September 1, 1864, and at Lovejoy Station, Georgia, on September 4, 1864. After a rest following the capture of Atlanta in early September, the 15th was briefly assigned to Provost (police) duty in Chattanooga at the beginning of October, 1864. This was followed by several months of guarding a railroad bridge at Whitesides, Tennessee, which some of the 15th's soldiers felt was the easiest duty of their war service.

Major Wilson mustered out of the Army at expiration of his 3 year term of service on January 9, 1865, at the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee.  On February 25, 1867, he was commissioned by the Governor of Wisconsin as Lieutenant Colonel (Oberstløitnant), with rank from February 21, 1865, but was never mustered-into the Army at that rank.

After the war Wilson owned a prosperous business in the Town of Black Earth, Dane County, Wisconsin, which he sold in 1872 and moved to the City of La Crosse, La Crosse County, Wisconsin.  There he opened a steamship, trade, and bank business (Wilson & Jurgens) and was a partner in Kiene & Wilson, a meat salting company.  In 1874 he took his family on a trip to Europe, where they visited Norway.  The following is from Buslett's 1895 history of the 15th.

Unfortunately, back in La Crosse Wilson's businesses were not going well.  In 1878 he pulled out of both and became a traveling salesman for 4 years with a Chicago-based wholesale clothing firm.  In 1882 Wilson settled in the City of Grand Forks, State of North Dakota.  In 1885 he was one of a number of veterans hired by Wisconsin Governor Rusk to write histories of Wisconsin's Civil War regiments.  Buslett contains this about George Wilson.

Sources: Genealogical data provided by Derwood Johnson; Det Femtende Regiment, Wisconsin Frivillage [The Fifteenth Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteers] by Ole A. Buslett (Decorah, Iowa, 1895); Oberst Heg og Hans Gutter [Colonel Heg and His Boys] by Waldemar Ager (Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 1916); Regimental Descriptive Rolls, Volume 20 Office of the Adjutant General State of Wisconsin (Madison, Wisconsin, 1885); and, Roster of Wisconsin Volunteers, War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865, Volume 1 Office of the Adjutant General State of Wisconsin (Madison, Wisconsin, 1886).

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All Rights Reserved. Created January 24, 1999. Last updated December 31, 2000.

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